This study investigated whether interaction quality in toddler groups, when children were age three, was associated with changes in children’s social competence from age three to age five years in Norwegian Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC). ECEC groups (n = 206) were observed with the Infant/ Toddler Environment Rating Scale Revised (ITERS-R). The subscale Interaction was used for this study, including four items: supervision of play and learning; peer interaction; staff-child interaction; and discipline. Children’s social-emotional competence was rated by ECEC teachers using the Norwegian Lamer Social Competence in Preschool scale (LSCIP) with six dimensions: prosocial behavior, self-control, assertiveness, adjustment, empathy, and fairness. Multilevel models were applied to investigate the associations between the ITERS-R scale and social-emotional competence at age three and age five. Results showed an association of interaction quality with empathy at T1, and a marginally significant association between interaction quality and self-control at T2. No other associations were found between interaction quality and social-emotional competence. The paper discusses why the associations between interaction quality and outcomes are limited and the need to revise and expand quality measures especially in Norwegian ECEC. This study also stresses the need to further investigate quality of interactions between staff and children, and its associations with children outcomes.
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide & Martinsen, Marianne Torve (2018)
Vennskap og fellesskap i barnehagen
Størksen, Ingunn (red.). Livsmestring og livsglede i barnehagen
Størksen, Ingunn; Stanghelle, Cecilie Evertsen & Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2018)
Psykisk helse i barnehagen
Størksen, Ingunn (red.). Livsmestring og livsglede i barnehagen
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide; Broekhuizen, Martine, Moser, Thomas, Bjørnestad, Elisabeth & Hegna, Maren Meyer (2018)
Evaluation of the Lamer social competence in preschool scale
The Lamer Social Competence in Preschool Scale (LSCIP) has been widely used in Norway to assess children’s social competence; however, the six-factor structure has not been validated since the scalewas developed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the structure of the LSCIP using confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses. The results show that the original model has a nearly adequate fit according to model fit criteria, but also suggest the need for revisions to achieve a better model. The study contributes to the further development of the LSCIP as a measurement tool that can be used to measure children’s social competence in both research and practice.
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide; Bjørnestad, Elisabeth, Broekhuizen, Martine & Moser, Thomas (2018)
The relationship between structural factors and interaction quality in Norwegian ECEC for toddlers
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between two structural factors of quality: organisation form (stable groups versus fexible groups) and staf– child ratio, in relation to interaction quality in toddler groups in Norwegian early childhood education and care (ECEC). Data were collected from 206 kindergarten groups in the period from 2013 to 2015. Interaction quality was measured through the infant/ toddler environment rating scale-revised subscales, Interaction, listening and talking, and program structure. A two-way MANOVA revealed that organisation form with small, stable groups were related to higher interaction quality, while the staf–child ratio and interaction quality varied depending on diferent content dimensions. These fndings have clear implications for policy and the training of ECEC staf. Keywords: Interaction quality, Structural quality, ECEC, Staf–child ratio, ITERS-R
Gradovski, Mikhail & Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2015)
Chronotopic Thresholds, Reflection, and Transformation of Supervision Experiences for Preschool Assistants in Norwegian Preschools
Løkken, Ingrid V. Midteide & Gradovski, Mikhail (2014)
Barnehagen som lærende organisasjon: bruk av nære læringsformer som veiledning og simulatortrening i forhold til kompetanseutviklingen for assistentene
Reinertsen, Anne Beate; Groven, Berit, Knutas, Kerstin Agneta & Holm, Astri (red.). FoU i praksis 2013. Artikkelsamling fra konferanse om praksisrettet FoU i lærerutdanning
Strand, Maria Gilje & Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2023)
Relasjonskvalitet i barnehagen. Læringsmiljø i skole og barnehage. Episode 10
Podcast, Læringsmiljøsenteret [Internett]
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2021)
Her får Malin poeng for barnehagejobben sin
Budstikka [Avis]
Fredriksen, Torunn Helene Lindstad & Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2021)
Læringsmiljø i skole og barnehage: Episode 5: Den nye barnehageloven
Læringsmiljø i skole og barnehage - podkast [Internett]
1.januar 2021 fikk vi en ny barnehagelov. Der har det kommet inn et kapittel om psykososialt barnehagemiljø som sier at barn skal ha det trygt og godt i barnehagen. Det er også innført en aktivitetsplikt som gjelder ved mistanke om at barn ikke har det trygt og godt. Ingrid Midteide Løkken har lang erfaring fra barnehage, men har også undervist på barnehagelærerutdanningen og jobbet med forskning. Nå har hun vært med på å skrive en bok om barnehageloven. Programleder Torunn Helene Fredriksen snakker med henne om den nye loven og hva den betyr i praksis for barnehagene.
Elvethon, Ellen; Moser, Thomas, Berntsen Svensson, Helene & Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2023)
Samarbeid mellom foreldre og personalet for å fremme jevnalderrelasjoner i barnehagen
[Academic lecture]. Norsk Barnehageforskningskonferanse.
Gradovski, Mikhail & Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2023)
Polyphonic journey of becoming academicians
[Academic lecture]. Association for Visual Pedagogies (AVP) Conference: Decolonising Visualities, Visibilising Pedagogies..
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide & Campbell, Janine Anne (2023)
Exploring the Sense of Smell in Digital Book Reading
[Academic lecture]. Association for Visual Pedagogies (AVP) Conference: Decolonising Visualities, Visibilising Pedagogies..
Størksen, Ingunn; Lenes, Ragnhild, Lunde, Svanaug, Campbell, Janine Anne & Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2023)
Sosial og emosjonell utvikling og livsmestring - Ressursbok for barnehagen [tilgjengelig for barnehagene i forskningsprosjektet SELMA]
[Textbook]. Cappelen Damm Akademisk.
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide; Elvethon, Ellen & Svensson, Helene Berntsen (2022)
Staff- parents collaboration to support peer interactions in ECEC settings.
[Academic lecture]. Presentasjon på European Early Childhood Research Association (EECERA)..
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide & Campbell, Janine Anne (2022)
Inside out: A scoping review of the literature on optimism, growth mindsets, and positive psychology for child well-being in ECEC.
[Academic lecture]. Presentasjon IRECE: Diversity in early childhood education- global and local arctic perspectives..
Furenes, May Irene; Løkken, Ingrid Veronika Midteide, Nilsen, Tone Rove, Moser, Thomas, Andresen, Anne Kristin Hansen, Skog Dahl, Anne-Lene & Aaseth, Helene Marie Storli (2022)
Kvalitet i barnehagen - hva forskes det på og hvordan?
[Academic lecture]. Kvalitet i barnehagen - hva forskes det på og hvordan?.
Campbell, Janine Anne & Løkken, Ingrid Veronika Midteide (2022)
Inside out: A scoping review of optimism and growth mindsets for child development and wellbeing in ECEC
[Academic lecture]. Earli SIG5 Conference. Learning and development in Early Childhood.
Aaseth, Helene Marie Storli; Elvethon, Ellen, Løkken, Ingrid Midteide, Nilsen, Tone Rove & Moser, Thomas (2021)
Mobbing i norske barnehager- en kunnskapsoversikt
[Report]. Nasjonalt kunnskapssenter for barnehager og Nasjonalt senter for læringsmiljø og atferdsforskning.
Martinsen, Marianne Torve & Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2021)
Vennskap og lek
Martinsen, Marianne Torve (red.). Trygt og godt i barnehagen : barns rett til et godt psykososialt miljø
Elvethon, Ellen & Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2021)
Språk og kommunikasjon
Martinsen, Marianne Torve (red.). Trygt og godt i barnehagen : barns rett til et godt psykososialt miljø
Martinsen, Marianne Torve; Elvethon, Ellen, Lunde, Svanaug & Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2021)
Barnehagelovens kapittel VIII om psykososialt barnehagemiljø
Martinsen, Marianne Torve (red.). Trygt og godt i barnehagen : barns rett til et godt psykososialt miljø
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2021)
Foreldresamarbeid
Martinsen, Marianne Torve (red.). Trygt og godt i barnehagen : barns rett til et godt psykososialt miljø
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide; Brennås, Helene Berntsen, Elvethon, Ellen & Moser, Thomas (2021)
Staff's handling of negative actions in interactions between children in toddler groups
[Academic lecture]. EECERA.
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide; Nilsen, Tone Rove, Moser, Thomas & Elvethon, Ellen (2021)
Bullying in Norwegian kindergartens – what do we know?
[Academic lecture]. EADP Summer tour.
Elvethon, Ellen; Løkken, Ingrid Midteide & Brennås, Helene Berntsen (2020)
Personalets håndtering av negative handlinger i samspill mellom barn i småbarnsgrupper
[Academic lecture]. Norsk barnehageforskningskonferanse: Å skape bærekraftige barnehager – perspektiver, muligheter og utfordringer.
Elvethon, Ellen; Løkken, Ingrid Veronika Midteide & Berntsen Svensson, Helene (2019)
Personalets rolle i jevnalderrelasjoner for å forebygge mobbeatferd.
Støen, Janne; Roland, Erling & Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2019)
Handling and preventing bullying in schools and early childhood education and care (ECEC)
[Academic lecture]. ICSEI 2019.
Sølvik, Randi M.; Martinsen, Marianne Torve, Lunde, Svanaug, Plischewski, Henning, Løkken, Ingrid Midteide, Ellen, Elvethon, Vangsnes, Elin Nesvoll & Brennås, Helene Berntsen (2019)
Self-organized symposium: Staff's role in preventing bullying behavior in ECEC.
[Academic lecture]. Europian Early Childhood Education Research Conference.
Elvethon, Ellen; Brennås, Helene Berntsen & Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2019)
Fostering peer interactions to prevent bullying behavior in toddler groups in Norwegian ECEC.
[Academic lecture]. EECERA 2019.
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide; Melhuish, Edward & Martine Louise, Broekhuizen (2019)
Associations between interaction-quality and self-regulation skills in ECEC for toddlers
[Academic lecture]. International Congress for School Effectiveness and Improvement (ICSEI).
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide; Bjørnestad, Elisabeth, Broekhuizen, Martine & Moser, Thomas (2018)
The relationship between structural factors and interaction quality in Norwegian ECEC for toddlers
[Academic lecture]. Konferanse.
The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between two structural quality factors for ECEC-provisions, (1) organization (stable groups versus flexible groups) and (2) staff-child ratio (staff per child), and interaction quality in toddler groups in Norwegian Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC). Stable groups (SG) have a clear and a relatively constant composition of the child group over time, while flexible groups (FG) have a shared-interest area with a rather temporary and dynamic composition of child (sub-) groups. The Norwegian Kindergarten Act does not provide binding regulations on how many assistant teachers should be in a group, but the recommendation is one staff member (including both assistants and teachers) per three children under the age of three. Data were collected in 206 ECEC provision groups, including 1211 children in the period from 2013 to 2015. Structural quality factors were registered through questionnaires to the pedagogical leaders of the units. Interaction quality was operationalized through three of the subscales of the Infant/Toddler Environment Rating Scales–Revised (ITERS-R); Interaction, Lis-tening and talking and program structure. A two-way MANOVA revealed that small, stable groups and a staff-child ratio of three or less children per staff member were independently related to higher interaction quality. These findings have clear implications for policy and the training of kindergarten staff. It is im-portant that they organize their groups, with three or fewer children per staff and if they organize their groups in SG.
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide; Moser, Thomas, Broekhuizen, Martine & Bjørnestad, Elisabeth (2017)
Effects of staff-child interaction-quality on children’s social skills in Norwegian ECEC–centers
[Academic lecture]. 17th Biennial EARLI Conference for Research on Learning and Instruction.
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide; Moser, Thomas, Broekhuizen, Martine & Bjørnestad, Elisabeth (2017)
"Interactionquality and differential associations on children’s social and emotional skills in Norway"
[Academic lecture]. Earli.
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide; Broekhuizen, Martine, Moser, Thomas & Bjørnestad, Elisabeth (2016)
Measurement tools
[Academic lecture]. Brown Bag seminar.
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide; Bjørnestad, Elisabeth, Broekhuizen, Martine & Moser, Thomas (2016)
The relationship between caregiver-child interaction-quality, and children’s social and emotional skills in Norwegian ECEC.
[Academic lecture]. Earli Conference on Sig 5 Learning and development in early childhood.
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide & Moser, Thomas (2015)
Måling av sosiale ferdigheter
[Academic lecture]. Longitudinelle studier.
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide; Broekhuizen, Martine, Moser, Thomas & Bjørnestad, Elisabeth (2015)
Measurments tools
[Academic lecture]. Bra nok? Perspektiver på kvalitet for barn under 3 år i norske barnehager..
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide & Martinsen, Marianne Torve (2015)
Kindergarten leaders assessments of the staffs relational competence in Norwegian kindergartens.
[Academic lecture]. European Early Childhood Education Research Association.
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide; Moser, Thomas & Bjørnestad, Elisabeth (2015)
“Measuring childrens social and emotional competence in ECEC”.
[Academic lecture]. European Early Childhood Education Reaseach Association.
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide (2015)
Måling av barns sosiale og emosjonelle kompetanse.
[Academic lecture]. Forskningsrådets temaseminar "Ny forskning om barnehage".
Løkken, Ingrid Midteide & Martinsen, Marianne Torve (2014)
How "Punisment and reward" is expressed in kindergarten teacher’s behavior practices.
[Academic lecture]. European Early Childhood Education Research Assosiation.